001. Ruin and the Sublime
2016
In late 18th-century Germany, Romantic philosophy began to emerge alongside a growing cultural emphasis on reflection.
It was a time when people chose the life of a wanderer with joy, moved by a reverence for nature.At the heart of Romantic painting stood Caspar David Friedrich, who evoked awe and tranquility through depictions of vast mountains, sheer cliffs, and endless bodies of water—symbols of an overwhelming, absolute nature.
Ountain Landscape With Rainbow,
Caspar David Friedrich,1809~1810
Within these sublime landscapes, he would place tiny human figures—proxies for himself and the viewer. This striking contrast between the enormity of nature and the minuteness of the self was what elevated his work to the realm of the sublime.
Alongside these natural scenes, ruins also appeared as key motifs.
They symbolized the fragility and transience of human-made structures in contrast to nature’s enduring vastness. When looking at paintings that depict remnants of classical Greek or Roman buildings,with soft light cascading onto their crumbling forms, viewers could experience a sublime beauty born out of decay.
Now, having passed through the age of representational painting and industrial expansion,
we are faced with a new kind of ruin.
We encounter sublimity not in temples, but in the closed-down power plants, factories, train depots—industrial relics and urban infrastructure where massive turbines and machines rest in silence Here too, like in Friedrich’s paintings, we find fragile human presence dwarfed by systems beyond comprehension These massive spaces carry the ruinous gravitas once reserved for cathedrals and ancient temples.
factory in Gunsan, Lee jihong,2022
But unlike ancient ruins, these spaces weren’t designed for beauty.
Every pipe, every part exists purely for function. Their aesthetic power comes from that very purity. The dizzying complexity of pipelines, which the eye cannot even follow, invites us to imagine the invisible forces electricity, gas, water—flowing through them.
From screws less than a millimeter in size to colossal structures that overwhelm the human scale, every element works in harmony to form a composition of unexpected elegance.
These organic, monumental spaces born not from designers, but from engineers achieve an aesthetic completeness rivaling Russian Constructivism and German Expressionism.
They represent not just function, but a coherent and powerful aesthetic paradigm.
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